Skidmore College Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores

Skidmore College  is a private liberal arts college with an acceptance rate of 27%. Located in Saratoga Springs, New York, just north of Albany, Skidmore was founded in 1903 as a womens college. The college moved to its current 850-acre campus in 1961, and in 1971 the college became coeducational. Skidmore has a low 8-to-1 student / faculty ratio and an average class size of 16. Business and psychology are the most popular undergraduate majors, and Skidmores strengths in the liberal arts and sciences earned it a chapter of the prestigious  Phi Beta Kappa  Honor Society. In athletics, the Skidmore Thoroughbreds compete in the NCAA Division III Liberty League, and the school is considered one of the  top equestrian colleges. Considering applying to this highly selective school? Here are the Skidmore college admissions statistics you should know. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Skidmore College had an acceptance rate of 27%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 27 students were admitted, making Skidmores admissions process highly competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 10,796 Percent Admitted 27% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 23% SAT Scores and Requirements Skidmore College has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to Skidmore may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 48% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 613 700 Math 610 700 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that of those students who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of  Skidmore Colleges admitted students fall within the  top 20% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Skidmore scored between 613 and 700, while 25% scored below 613 and 25% scored above 700. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 610 and 700, while 25% scored below 610 and 25% scored above 700. While the SAT is not required, this data tells us that a composite SAT score of 1400 or higher is competitive for Skidmore College. Requirements Skidmore College does not require SAT scores for admission. For students who choose to submit scores, note that Skidmore participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. Skidmore does not require the essay section of the SAT. ACT Scores and Requirements Skidmore has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 27% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile Englis 27 34 Math 25 29 Composite 27 31 This admissions data tells us that of those who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of Skidmores admitted students fall within the  top 14% nationally  on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Skidmore received a composite ACT score between 27 and 31, while 25% scored above 31 and 25% scored below 27. Requirements Note that Skidmore does not require ACT scores for admission. For students who choose to submit scores, Skidmore does not superscore ACT results; your highest composite ACT score will be considered. Skidmore does not require the ACT writing section. GPA Skidmore College does not provide data about admitted students high school GPAs. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Skidmore College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Skidmore College. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Skidmore College has a highly competitive admissions pool with a low acceptance rate and high average SAT/ACT scores. However, Skidmore also has a  holistic admissions  process and is test-optional, and admissions decisions are based on much more than numbers. A strong  application essay  and  glowing letters of recommendation  can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful  extracurricular activities  and a  rigorous course schedule. The college is looking for students who will contribute to the campus community in meaningful ways, not just students who show promise in the classroom. While not required, Skidmore strongly recommends  interviews  for interested applicants. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and scores are outside of Skidmores average range. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. You can see that most successful applicants had high school averages of B or better, combined SAT scores of about 1200 or higher (ERWM), and ACT composite scores of 26 or better. Skidmore is test-optional, so qualified students with SAT/ACT scores below Skidmores average my choose not to submit test scores. If You Like Skidmore College, You May Also Like These Schools Vassar CollegeWesleyan UniversitySwarthmore CollegeIthaca CollegeTufts UniversityBowdoin CollegeAmherst CollegeNew York UniversitySyracuse UniversityTrinity CollegeOberlin College All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Skidmore College Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Karl Marx and His Radical Views Essay - 1169 Words

Karl Marx and His Radical Views Karl Marx[i] Karl Marx is among the most important and influential of all modern philosophers who expressed his ideas on humans in nature. According to the University of Dayton, â€Å"the human person is part of a larger history of life on this planet. Through technology humans have the power to have an immense effect on that life.†[ii] The people of his time found that the impact of the Industrial Revolution would further man’s success within this world and would ensure his success as a species. Marx was extremely radical in finding that this was a positive impact on humans in nature. In order to understand why his views were considered radical, it is important to understand his†¦show more content†¦Marx believed the workers were not collecting the benefits of the Industrial Revolution. Marx says that men are forced to work for natural survival. Marx also suggests that working men only have time to engage in the basic animalistic tendencies of a quest for survival. He says that man becomes alienated from nature and other humans as well. Marx is basically saying that man lived day by day, by day and he has nothing else to really live for. Marx thought that as the workers grew stronger, they would eventually rebel against the organization. In doing this, they would create a classless society where everyone would be equal and all property would be abolished. The basis of Marxism is the conviction that socialism is inevitable. Marx believed the free enterprise system, or capitalism, was doomed and that socialism was the only option[iv]. Obviously, this was not a favored philosophy with expanding industrialists, entrepreneurs, and existing political systems of the mid-nineteenth century [v]. Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto with the German radical, Fredriech Engels, Fredriech Engels[vi] who was also Marx’s best friend. The Communist Manifesto was a pamphlet written on the eve of the German Revolution in 1848. In his essay, Marx explains his radical theories on politics and history. Marx and Engels also examined the positive aspects of capitalism in The Communist Manifesto. They thought the bourgeoisie hadShow MoreRelatedThe Radical Nature of Social Contract Theorists Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is a plethora of concepts surrounding man and his condition. The social contract, an agreement among individuals where individuals must sacrifice something for protection, is a cornerstone in the operation of society. Over the years, various social contract theorists have worked to understand the ties that bind man. Karl Marx, Charles Darwin, and Friedrich Nietzsche, each felt constrained by their times, and because of this introduced radical concepts surrounding the social contract. Each ofRead MoreKarl Marx : An Influential Philosopher1615 Words   |  7 Pagesto be influenced by Karl Marx, it is no surprise as to why many people disagree with his philosophy. However, if his work is thoroughly analyzed, it can certainly be argued that Karl Marx is one of the most influential philosophers of all time. Contrary to popular belief, Karl Marx actually believed in a classless society, in which everyone would be considered equal and treated equally, thus, eliminating the possibility for inequality between the rich and the poor, or as Marx often referred to asRead MoreKarl Marx View On Capitalism1084 Words   |  5 PagesKarl Marx was a philosopher who was engaged in economic politics, sociology, and radical politics. Marx saw the world as two different entities. He saw it as a scuffle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariats. This is what divided the capitalist society. Marx believed everyone works in some shape, form, and fashion. The bourgeoisie were the individuals that held the capital and the proletariats were the wage-la borers. The social aspect would then come in to play. Marx would then try toRead MoreKarl Marx s Influence On Leadership And Legacy1129 Words   |  5 Pagesclass was unfair. This person was called Karl Marx. This German philosopher inspired workers to rise up and challenge injustices and exploitations. In addition, his views on life and the social structure of his time revolutionized the way people think. It was not until Karl Marx had developed his philosophy that the world knew of the capitalist countries’ unjust social structure. It is easy to say that Karl Marx has tremendously affected history through his leadership and legacy. This prominentRead More Karl Marx Essay1110 Words   |  5 Pagesas a bad thing. Karl Marx would disagree. He formed the basic ideas of communism in his writings. He argued that communism was the eventual government that formed out of many unsuccessful governments. Many modern communists either use his ideas or use parts of his ideas to form their own. Karl Marx is the true father of communism. Marx was born in Trier, Prussia on May 5, 1818 (Beales). His family was Jewish, but his father converted the family to Protestantism when Marx was born. When heRead More Biographies of Karl Marx and Frederich Engels Essay1387 Words   |  6 PagesBiographies of Karl Marx and Frederich Engels Karl Marx and Frederich Engels collaborated to introduce the liberal ideas of Communism. The Communist Manifesto was their byproduct that was introduced in January of 1828. Marx and Engels lives were drastically different from each other, although they both agreed upon the fundamental ideas of it. Marx’s idea of being an individual stemmed from the life that he lived. Marx found that his ideas were often not accepted in various societies but thisRead MoreA Brief Look at Karl Marx769 Words   |  3 Pagesto positively impact the world to be influential. Karl Marx certainly left a mark on the world, but whether his impact was revolutionary or simply detrimental is up to debate. Marx was largely influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment figures like Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Hegel. Most know him in regard to his writing the Communist Manifesto and its influence on revolutions that led to the formation of notoriously oppressive communist states. His ideas form the base of mod ern international communismRead MoreLife of Karl Marx Essays1493 Words   |  6 Pagesof Karl Marx Karl Marx was possibly one of the most influential thinkers of his time. Marx was born in Trier, Germany on April , 15 1818. His father, a Jewish lawyer, provided a comfortable life for Marx and his siblings. His mother, Henrietta, was of Dutch decent. His parents goal was to provide a family life that would foster an environment conducive to the development of their children. His father hoped Karl wouldRead MoreKarl Marx And The German Political System1427 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx was born on May 5th 1818 in Trier, Germany, which was then known as the Kingdom of Prussia. Karl was a philosopher, economist, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His work in economics laid the basis for much of the current understanding of labor and it’s relation to capital, and subsequent economic thought. He was born into a wealthy upper middle-class family. He attended school at the University of Bonn and later he studied law and philosophy at the University of BerlinRead MoreThe Technology Of The Digital Generation Better Than The Meme1653 Words   |  7 Pageswhich memes can be used as a critical framework. Meme Theory: The term â€Å"meme† can be attributed to the Professor Richard Dawkins who wanted a word to help create an analogy to describe how genes replicate themselves in the process of evolution for his book on the subject, ‘The Selfish Gene’. It was published in the mid-1970s and went on to become a bestseller amongst the biologically inclined. He took the Greek word â€Å"mimeme†, which, suitably, translated to a word similar to â€Å"imitator†, and shortened

Essay on Leaders of the Nation of Islam - 3021 Words

Leaders of Nations The Nation of Islam impacted many African American people during its time. This Black Muslim nation demanded adherence to basic teachings, which included racial separation, white devilry, and the coming Armageddon. None of these basic teachings supported James Baldwin’s perceptions, which pitied whites for their inability to see through the color curtain and embrace differences that whites and blacks held together to create a better, inexorable, and supreme nation. Leaders such as Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X provided the vision of the Nation of Islam. These moguls proved to be two of the most powerful leaders of their time. They paved their way through history and rightfully landed a spot belonging to†¦show more content†¦From his speeches on the radio and in newspapers, many people also thought of Muhammad as a fierce man, among these people was Baldwin. On first meeting Muhammad, Baldwin shows his surprise by saying â€Å"I [had] associated him with f erocity. But, no – the man who came into the room was small and slender, really very delicately put together, with a thin face, large, warm eyes, and a most winning smile† (Baldwin 323). Muhammad was a regular man that merely exuded confidence and carried himself with pride. He had a powerful air around him, because he meant every single word that escaped his mouth. As superior of the Islam movement, Muhammad helped integrate the movement’s demand within as many black communities as he could. He started out with implementing a grocery store in a nearby black community with nothing but Muslim employees. Then slowly a restaurant and a bakery came to pass. Muhammad was well on his way to proving to blacks that they could accomplish their own needs without having â€Å"to demand [anything of] the white devil or resort to him† (Clegg 50). According to a New York Times article written by Peter Kihss, the movements demand was simply â€Å"[s]eparation, not integ ration†¦ land of our own† (â€Å"Negro Extremist† 1). The black nation of Islam wanted four or five states to be turned over as payment for 300 years of slave labor. This way blacks could more establish themselves asShow MoreRelatedMalcolm X As A Leader Of The Nation Of Islam1367 Words   |  6 Pages Born Malcolm Little, and later changing it to el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz and finally changing it to Malcolm X which it signifies his rejection to his slave name â€Å"Little†. In his early 20’s Malcolm X became a leader in the Nation of Islam. He was the first man to bring together African American culture and Islamic culture. Before his assassination in 1965, X moved to New York City (Harlem) and was involved in drugs, gambling, racketeering, robbery, and a procurer. He would usually have sex with anyoneRead MoreMalcolm X : A Leader Of The Nation Of Islam1424 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X was a leader who, was the spokesman for the Nation of Islam, an African American political and religious movement, embraced the Black Power philosophy. Malcolm Little was born May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, the fourth of seven children. His Father was a local leader of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and his mother served as secretary and branch reporter, sending news of local UNIA activities to Negro World, a weekly newspaper established in New York, they inculcatedRead MoreMalcolm X Biography Essay1085 Words   |  5 Pagesthen the man who would be known as Malcolm X. Unlike many of the civil rights leaders of the time who promoted non violence, Malcolm X believed in the use of aggressive tactics in his battle for equality. Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska to Earl and Louise Little. His father, a minister and devout Christian, was known for being an outspoken follower of the black nationalist leader Marcus Garvey. Garvey’s message promoted the â€Å"back-to-Africa† movement thatRead MoreThe Nation Of Islam And African Americans949 Words   |  4 PagesThe Nation of Islam was founded by Wali Farad in Detroit, Michigan in 1930. While Farad is credited with the foundation, most of the teachings came from a different movement. It evolved from the Moorish Temple of Science founded by Timothy Drew (Source 1). Drew preached that Islam was the correct faith for African Americans. Drew also preached that African Americans were superior to Caucasians. The Nation of Islam, along with being a religious movement, was a movement for change. They wanted to raiseRead MoreEssay on Malcolm X1346 Words   |  6 Pagestook place in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955. One man stands out among all of these leaders though, Malcolm X. Although fighting for the same thing as his colleagues in the civil rights movements, he was considered by many to represent the more extreme side of the battle for equality in the United States. It is his standout views and beliefs that make Malcolm X one of the most prominent and fascinating African-American leaders in the 1950s and 60s. Malcolm X was born May 19, 1925 in Omaha, NebraskaRead More Baldwins view of Nation of Islam in Down on the Cross Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pages Superficial Power The Nation of Islam emerged as a very powerful organization during the 1960s. One of the Nation?s key goals was to create an independent Black America. It further preached about the White man as the devil, thus instilling faith within its followers that White society will be decimated, and Black society will prevail. Through these powerful messages, the Nation of Islam gave African-Americans a claim to divinity and created the notion of Black supremacy. However, in attemptingRead More Malcolm X Essay1281 Words   |  6 PagesLuther King Jr. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Malcolm X had become a member of the Nation of Islam in his earlier years. The Islamic faith borrows basic ideas from the orthodox teachings of Islam and combines them with the very racist views regarding whites taught by Elijah Mohammed. Malcolm was a very influential priest for the Nation of Islam. After questioning some of the views and beliefs of the Nation of Islam, Malcolm angered many of its followers. This forced Malcolm to travel on a journeyRead MoreMalcolm X : The Black Leader And Activist1656 Words   |  7 PagesMalcolm X was an important black leader and activist to the African American community and Nation of Islam in the 50’s and 60’s. He had a troubled childhood growing up in a time of awful racism. His childhood experiences affected him and his decisions for many years in positive and negative ways. Malcolm X was a strong willed man with huge ideas for the civil rights of African Americans that created a huge following of peop le for him. He did not feel that nonviolent approaches towards civil rightsRead MoreMalcolm X Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pagesfor the ways he went about trying to fix the way African Americans were being treated because he did so in a violent fashion instead of peacefully, but many people do not know the full story of Malcolm X. Malcolm X was a very important civil rights leader. Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little to Earl and Louise Little on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska (Global). He grew up with 9 siblings. Malcolm Little’s family had many struggles when he was a kid. His father had had three of his brothers killed byRead MoreMalcolm X Essay855 Words   |  4 Pagesof the most prominent and controversial leaders during the civil rights era of the 1950’s and 1960’s. By the early 1960’s he had grown frustrated with the non violent, integrated struggle for civil rights and worried that blacks would ultimately lose control of their own movement. Malcolm X was a key spokesman for the nation of Islam, epitomized the â€Å"Black Power† philosophy. Malcolm became an influential leader of the nation of islam, which combined Islam with black nationalism and sought to encourage

Animal Testing Is Ethical Or Moral Reason - 1342 Words

Throughout history, animal testing has always been a controversial and sensitive topic. It can easily receive much hate as well as praise which could be accounted for by many different factors. Animal testing is such a broad idea that can be misconceived in multiple ways such as unethical animal breeding, mutations, or cruel product testing. Yet, that is not the case at all since animal testing could also have a positive and beneficial outcome to which helps people in society. While there are many controversial thoughts on the many different factors that apply to animal testing, I find it to be that many of the pros outweighs the costs that comes animal testing such as the ethical or moral reason. Although when including the ethical or†¦show more content†¦Even though the amount of years humans has been on the earth can be fought over, humans have been through thousands of years of learning and improving. Thousands of years of knowledge and lessons learned seems like a lot y et, there are numerous things that we have yet touched the surface upon. Who knows how one can come up with the curiosity in mind and lead to trying to solve that mysterious idea. The wonderful part about the way experiments work is that with the amount of people alive and each person being curious about numerous things, this all leads to the vast amount of ideas that can be tested on and create an experiment with. There will never be a time where everything is known which means there will always be people who will always want to figure out the unknown. This could be things so little as how household objects work to great things such as curing diseases. Attempting to solve the unknown could be the whole reason of why people are living which could be the reason why others are living today. The whole concept of antibiotics could be the reason why someone is alive someone’s parents from many generations ago survived and reproduce to this day. The whole process of conducting an e xperiment is much more complicated now a day then how it was before when considering types of experiments such as making antibiotics or cures for diseases. Another major reason why peopleShow MoreRelatedEthics of Animal Testing754 Words   |  3 PagesEthics of Animal Testing For my paper I chose the topic of animal testing because I have always been very passionate for animals and against animal abuse. I have never believed in animal testing and that there were always other alternatives. I wanted to look further into and educate myself about what is being done about this and why it is an ethical issue. I have come up with an axiom to summarize this topic. Testing animals in research revolves around the relative or moral value of humans and animalsRead MoreTok Essay1680 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Possession Of Knowledge Carries An Ethical Responsibility.† Evaluate This Claim. –Seo Yeon Choi- Theory of Knowledge Essay Topic: â€Å"The Possession of Knowledge Carries an Ethical Responsibility† Evaluate The Claim. School: Auckland International College School Number: 001495 Candidate Name: Seo Yeon Choi Candidate Number: 001495-010 Session: May 2013 Teacher: Beate Wiebel Word Count: 1480 â€Å"The Possession Of Knowledge Carries An Ethical Responsibility.† Evaluate This Claim. –Seo YeonRead MoreEnding Animal Cruelty647 Words   |  3 PagesAnimal testing is used internationally to understand and create medicines and to test the safety of products. Almost 20 million animals are experimented on and killed annually worldwide, an estimated eight million of which are subjects in experiments involving pain while at least 10 percent of these animals do not receive painkillers (Andre Velasquez, 1988). Clearly these experimentations are reducing the quality of life for these animals, and as such there has been growing criticism of animalRead MoreNew Generations and Ethical Judgements1037 Words   |  4 Pagesstudy and it is well known that these limitations infringe upon the production of knowledge in both the arts and natural sciences. I intend to discuss how ethical judgements have imposed limitations on the methods available to society in the production o f knowledge in both the arts and the natural sciences. Ethics can be seen as a set of moral values that lay the foundation for a person and help them to ultimately decide between what is right and wrong. Ethics have recently come to be a significantRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing1725 Words   |  7 PagesEach year, more than 100 million animals are experimented on in U.S. laboratories. These experiments are for things such as biology lessons, medical training, curiosity-driven experimentation, and chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics testing.(Procon writers) Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, is the use of non-human animals in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. Animal testing is controversial and people findRead MoreAnimal Rights and Ethics Essay1746 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Animal Rights and Ethics† Gary Grey Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Stacey Hiles March 21, 2011 Is it ethical for animals to have the same rights as humans? During this paper I will present the views of both sides. I will try my best to give the reader a chance to come to there own unbiased conclusion. I will talk about the key areas of animal ethics. I will present the facts and reasoning behind the arguments over Animal cruelty, testing, hunting, and improper housing. MyRead MorePros And Cons Of Animal Testing1288 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Each animal bred or used for research, whether a mouse, fish, or monkey, is an individual capable of experiencing pain, suffering, and distress† (â€Å"Animal† 2013). The advancements in technology today had sparked a debate worldwide on whether it is right or wrong to use animals for experimentation in laboratories. With newly advanced scientific technology, experts are able to utilize advanced technology to simulate functions of the human body on a much smaller scale, including microchips of humanRead MoreEthical Issues on the Treatment of Animals Essay722 Words   |  3 Pages Animals have always played an essential role in many aspects of this world. Some people look upon these roles with favoritism, some with disgust. Animals are considered different from humans by some people because of their behavior, mannerisms or actions. Some animals are used as food by humans and other animals, while others are trapped for their furs. Many times people acquire animals for pets, only to neglect or mistreat them. For many years, the ethical treatment of animals has beenRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Continue882 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many valid reasons why we should continue testing on animals. The life of a human is ultimately more valuable than that of an animal. Without animal research, there would not be the medication as we know it today. Animal testing has enabled science to progress and find treatments for viruses, produce antibiotics for some of the deadly disease, infections as well as preventatives in a form of developing vaccines to cure diseases. Moreover, the factor of moral obligations entreat the factsRead MoreEthical Implications in the Fields of Science and Arts Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesThe knowledge question is asking to identify and discuss ethical implications that might interfere with the production of knowledge in the field of natural sciences and arts. Ethics is defined as the moral principles that govern a person’s or group’s behaviors and actions towards a certain subject. Ethical implications are the problems that a certain action would have on ethics. This particular essay title tackles the areas of knowledge of natural sciences and arts and ethics. Many knowledge issues

Waste Management Free Essays

Waste management Waste management  is the  collection,  transport,  processing  or disposal, managing and monitoring of  waste  materials. The term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and the process is generally undertaken to reduce their effect on  health, the  environmentor  aesthetics. Waste management is a distinct practice from  resource recovery  which focuses on delaying the rate of consumption ofnatural resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Waste Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now All wastes materials, whether they are  solid,  liquid,  gaseous  or  radioactive  fall within the remit of waste management Waste management practices can differ for  developed  and  developing nations, for  urban  and  rural areas, and for  residential  and  industrialproducers. Management for non-hazardous waste  residential and institutional waste in metropolitan areas is usually the responsibility oflocal government  authorities, while management for non-hazardous commercial and  industrial waste  is usually the responsibility of the generator subject to local, national or international controls. Waste management is vital to the healthy functioning of  a society. Throughout history, sanitation issues have been to blame for disease outbreaks and epidemics  in most populated regions  of the world. Improper waste management has negative affects on individual health, and similarly  it also negatively impacts environmental health. Positive waste management systems, however, can  prevent the negative impacts waste has on the environment. Recycling, or reusing materials that have already been used once, is an environmentally friendly way of utilizing waste. Using the gas that decomposing organic materials give off in landfills as a source of energy is another possible way for waste management to function in a green way. Once a substance or object has become waste, it will remain waste until it has been fully recovered and no longer poses a potential threat to the environment or to human health. From this point onwards, the waste ceases to be waste and there is no longer any reason for it to be subject to the controls and other measures required by the Directive. How to cite Waste Management, Essay examples Waste Management Free Essays Management of municipal solid waste (MSW) or otherwise known as trash or garbage is an ongoing environmental and economic issue not only in the Unites States but also around the world especially in a developing country like the Philippines. The need for a community assessment that aims at assessing the current problems related to the way trash is managed in Pateros, the smallest district in Metro Manila, has been identified. A community assessment is a systemic process of understanding a health problem for the purpose of priority setting or developing an action plan (Escoffery et al, 2004). We will write a custom essay sample on Waste Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Before I initiate a community assessment in the area of Pateros, I would have to follow a guide to effectively accomplish the assessment. The matter of solid waste and its management in Metro Manila had catapulted itself into the limelight in 2000, during which a number of issues plagued the solid waste management sector (Navarro, 2003). Tragically, excessive open dumping of solid waste combined with the seasonal monsoon rains at the Payatas site, the largest active open dumpsite in the Philippines, in July 2000 caused a large-scale slope failure that resulted in the deaths of hundreds of scavengers (Mair, n. . ). As a Health Educator, I am tasked to assess the needs of this community in relation to the management of waste and how it can be improved to minimize and prevent the health hazards that threatens the health of the citizens of Pateros. There are four phases in the community assessment. The initial phase is the needs assessment planning phase. Determining the purpose and obje ctives of a community is the first step that falls under this phase. I have already identified that the purpose of conducting an assessment in the district of Pateros are the current problems related to the way that trash is managed WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT 2 in this community and how it can be improved to minimize and prevent the health hazards that threatens the health of the citizens of Pateros. Second step is to identify and involve the stakeholders. It is critical to have members of the agency and community involved in the planning of the assessment. Stakeholders are gatekeepers to the community for the process (Escoffery et al, 2004). I will have to gather a community advisor board that will compromise of representatives from the local community council, health department, medical practices, local business owners and hospitals. Third step is to identify the population of interest or community. The local community advisory board has identified local citizens within the boundaries of the district of Pateros as the intended population to assess. The fourth step is to develop an operational management plan. Under this step, the health agency that I work for should establish the logistics of the assessment. This means that the plan should outline the details that will determine data indicators and sources, prioritization methods; role of the stakeholders; how the meetings will be facilitated and organized and ways to build consensus and management conflict (Petersen Alexander, 2001). The health agency has developed steps for the assessment utilizing the Health Education Planning model. Once the assessment planning is complete, the assessment moves to the data collection phase. This phase includes (1) talking to key informants who are community leaders who are in the position to know the community very well, (2) identifying community indicators for assessment in which identified previously as the overwhelming trash that is poorly managed by the community, (3) identifying data sources which was identified from research done regarding Metro Manila’s waste management from previous years WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT 3 and compared it to data to other ASEAN countries, (4) conducting a community profile by gathering information from local census and other governmental agencies such as Metro Manila developing agency and by conducting tour of the community, (5) conducting a resource inventory in which the assessment team developed a list of community agencies and contacts who could assist with the improvement of waste management in Pateros and lastly but not the least (6) gathering and reviewing existing and obtaining new data by using quantitative and qualit ative methods regarding the opinions, attitudes, behaviors and thoughts of the community and individual community members about the current problems to the way trash is managed in Pateros. Methods used to acquire data included mailed and door-to-door surveys, self-administered questionnaires, focus group, community forums and in-depth interviews. After collecting the data for assessment, reviewing the data should be run to answer the main assessment questions (Escoffery et al, 2004). Results from data findings should be summarized and concise when presented to the advisory board. The assessment team and stakeholders should come to a consensus regarding the district of Pateros’ primary needs based on the assessment results. Prioritizing needs is necessary to identify ways to address the issue at hand. Finally, the health agency can now develop an action plan from the culmination of the collected data. When making recommendations for an action plan, the agency should reexamine the purpose and questions of the assessment in presenting data (Escoffery et al, 2004). The recommendation plan should coincide directly to what was discovered from the assessment results and should involve the entire assessment committee in the process. The final action plan should identify ways of how WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT 3 to improve waste management in Pateros, the expected time frame that the plan will be implemented and required resources to fulfill the plan. Sharing the assessment results to the citizens of Pateros is an important part of the whole community assessment. The community will appreciate that their input has been sought and is valuable to the development of a course of action. The agency should make the assessment results user-friendly so every individual community member may understand it. Once the plan is in place, the agency should establish methods of monitoring and evaluating the action plan to ensure that the programs implemented are addressing the issues and needs of the district of Pateros. Therefore, this evaluation continues the cycle of community assessment and slowly transition the leadership from the health agency to the local advisory board to other community partners to help take the lead in implementing and monitoring activities related to the action plan in the community (Escoffery et al, 2004). Campbell, C. (2001). Health Education Planning Models—A Review of the Literature – Part II. Retrieved 10/16/10 from http://msucares.com/health/appa2.htm Escoffery,  C. Miner,  K.   Trowbridge J.  (2004). Conducting Small-Scale Community Assessments.  American Journal of Health Education,  35(4),  237-241.   Retrieved 10/12/10 from ProQuest Nursing Allied Health Source. (Document ID:  679672971). Mair, D. (n.d.). Solid Waste Management in the Philippines: A Small Island Experience. Retrieved 10/15/10 from http://wwwenvironcorp.com/img/media/SWM_Philippines_Paper.pdf Navarro, R.A. (2003). A Systems Approach on Solis Waste Management in Metro Manila. Retrieved 10/15/10 from http://www.lumes.lu.se/database/alumni/02.03/theses/navarro_rhea_abigail.pdf Ramos R.P. (2003). Waste Management in developing countries: A Case Study of Toxic and Hazardous Waste in the Philippines. Retrieved 10/15/10, from http:///www.nzsses.auckland.ac.nz/conference/2004/session5/48%20Ramos%2Oct%20al.pdf Sharma A., Lanum M. and Suarez-Balcazar Y. (2000). A Community Needs Assessment Guide: A Brief Guide on How to Conduct a Needs Assessment. Retrieved 10/12/10 from http:///www.luc/edu/curl/pdfs/A Community Needs Assessment Guide .pdf How to cite Waste Management, Papers Waste management Free Essays Each of us will throw a lot of waste every day; you know where all the wastewent? Most of the waste will get sanitary landfill, incineration, composting and other sound processing in some areas with better waste management, while most places Just easy piled or landfill, this cause odour spread, soil and underground water get polluted. peopleare not only Just consuming a lot of resources, mass production, mass consumption of land, but also produced a lot of waste; this consequences will be unimaginable. This essay will demonstrate the definition of waste; waste lassification, recycling, processing and some other additional materials about waste power generation. We will write a custom essay sample on Waste management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction Earth is our home, which provides us with the necessary environment and space for living; but with the rapid development of social economy and the urban population of highly concentrated, the output of waste is gradually increasing, our home is surrounded by garbage from day to day. In densely populated cities, waste disposal is a vexing problem. Common practice is collected and sent to landfills, or use incinerators; but both would create environmental problems, and excessive onsumption can further reduce termination landfills saturation level. Improper waste disposal in landfills can contaminate groundwater and odour, and many cities have been available for less and less landfill area. Produce poisonous gas, harmful organisms is inevitable forlncineration. Most of the cities are studying ways to reduce waste, and encourage recycling. Research Methodology Library Research: 1. Recording notes. 2. Content analysis. . Collect the needed information. Field Research: 1. Personal interview. 2. Groupmeeting. 3. Telephone survey. 4. Case study. The definition of waste Waste is also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, Junk and litter; which refer to unwanted or useless solid, fluid substance. Merriam-Websterdefineswaste is the trash from places of human or animal residence; The World Book Dictionary also say that waste is the u seless or worthless material, stuff to be discarded. Unfortunately, these two definitions reflect a common attitude that does not admit waste as a resource. Nevertheless, Zero Waste America defines waste as â€Å"a resource that is not safely recycled back into the environment or the marketplace. † This definition onsiders the value of waste as a resource, as well as the threat of unsafe recycling ‘wasting’ actually does not exist in nature, they are human inventions due to human behaviour. ln nature, everything has a purpose. Waste was created by humans for short-term convenience and short-term profit. Meanwhile, this leads to long-term harmful consequences for humans, nature, and the economy. Waste classification, recycling and processing Waste classification means according to different composition, properties, use value of waste as well as the impact on the environment, andthe requirements of different isposal methods, divided into a number of different types of properties. lts purpose is to bring convenience for resource recovery and subsequent disposal. The meaning of the classification of waste People are faced with the situation of the growing waste production and environmental deterioration. How to through the waste classification managementto maximize waste resource utilization, reduce the amount of garbage disposaland improve the living quality of the environment is currently the world’s pressing problems of common concern. Waste classification is the reform of the traditional ay to garbage collection disposed; it is aneffectivescientific management methodfor waste disposal. Waste classification is put waste classificationat source, and through the classification of the pickup and recycled back into a resource. The benefit of waste classification is obvious. After being classification, waste was sent to a factory instead of landfills, not only save the land, but also avoids the pollution produced by landfill or burned. Waste classification Recyclable waste They are mainly five categories which include waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, and cloth. Waste Paper: mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, all kinds of wrapping paper and so on; But should pay attention to paper towels and toilet paper because of their water soluble is too strong, cannot be recycled. Plastic: plastic waste containers, plastic packaging and other plastic products. Such as various plastic bags, plastic bottles, foam, disposable plastic lunch boxes cutlery, hard plastic and so on. Glass: mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, pieces of broken glass, mirror, light bulb debris, and thermos bottle, etc. Metal: mainly includes cans, cans and so on. Fabric: mainly includes the abandoned clothes, tablecloths, towels, bags, shoes and so on. Kitchen waste Kitchen waste is refers to catering units, enterprises, institutions, schools, canteens and other food scrapswaste, commonly known as swillor pigwash. The main component of kitchen waste are starch, food fibre, animal fats and other organic substances; it have a high moisture content, fat, high salt content, perishable smelly fermentation characteristics. Hazardous waste Toxic and hazardous waste refers to the solids that could be harmful to human body ealth or toxic substances or cause real harm to the environment or potential hazards wastes. Including batteries, fluorescent tubes, light bulbs, mercury thermometers, paint bucket, home appliances, expired drugs, expired cosmetics. If the battery is burned, after the blast will be killing hundreds of people; Fluorescent tubes and bulbs are Just like the battery, radiation is also large; Mercury is more landfilling. Other rubbish Includingin addition to the above-mentioned categoriesgarbage, such as ceramictile, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other difficult to recycle waste, usually ased on the characteristics and take the way of burning or burying garbage processing. Waste materials by kind, composition and sources. Kind Composition Sources Garbage Wastes from preparation, cooking, and serving of food; market wastes; wastes from handling, storage, and sale of produce Households, restaurants, institutions, stores, markets Rubbish Flammable: paper, cartons, boxes, barrels, wood, tree branches, yard trimmings, wood furniture, bedding, dunnage Inflammable: metals, tin cans, metal furniture, dirt, glass, crockery, minerals Ashes Residue from fires used for cooking and heating and from on-site burning Street refuse Sweepings, dirt, leaves, catch basin dirt, contents of litter receptacles Streets, sidewalks, alleys, vacant lots Dead animals Cats, dogs, horses, cows Abandoned vehicles Unwanted cars and trucks left on public property Industrial wastes Food-processing wastes, boiler house cinders, lumber scraps, metal scraps. havings Factories, power plants Demolition wastes Lumber, pipes, brick, masonry, and other construction materials from razed buildings and other structures Demolition sites to be used for new buildings, renewal projects, expressways Construction wastes Scrap lumber, pipe, ther construction materials New construction, remodelling Special wastes Hazardous solids and liquids; explosives, pathological wastes, radioactive materials Households, hotels, hospitals, institutions, stores, industry Sewage treatment residue Solids from coarse screening and from grit chambers; septic tank sludge Sewage treatment plants; septic tanks Waste recycling and processing In the proce ss of urbanization, the waste was once the burden of city development as the product of urban metabolism; many cities in the world have been besieged by garbage before. In now days, waste is considered to be the most potential, inexhaustible†urban mines† for development; it is the â€Å"misplaced resources†. Waste all have the corresponding recycling technology, make it can be used as â€Å"secondary sources† into the new production cycle, thus reducing resource consumption and environmental pollution. This is not only the in-depth and deep understanding of the waste, but also is the inevitable requirement of urban development. General city processed into organic compound fertilizer and used for landscaping or agricultural fertilizer in organic waste processing factory. 2. Dry waste (inorganic waste): further refined classified as waste paper, waste plastic, glass, scrap metal and other recyclable componentsin the garbage sorting centre, and then recycling plant for recyclingby thecorresponding. 3. Hazardous waste: recyclable materialssent to recycling after sorting in the hazardous waste sorting disposal station and the residue are safely landfill or incineration. Currently, there are several ways of waste disposal: 1. Landfill Method: Fill trash in the pit that has been ready for, make it automaticallyhappen biological, physical and chemical changes, decomposition of rganic matter, to achieve reduction and harmless purposes; but for a long time, most cities are carried out with open dumps and natural filling ditch without any protection. This leads to a lot of rubbish sewage from the surface into the ground and cause serious pollution of groundwater sources and the urban environment. Therefore this waste disposal method has gradually been eliminated. 2. Incineration method: incineration method is to put thegarbage into high temperature furnace; make one full oxidation of combustible ingredients; the heat that generated can be used for power generation and heating. The biggest shortcoming of this method is generatedof dioxin gas during the incineration; thereforefor achieving environmental protection, Therefore only on the incineration of toxic and harmful gases through a series of processing,this method can realize environmental protection. 3. Composting Method: piles of garbage accumulation, heat up to 70 C, storage, fermentation, with the ability of microbial decomposition in garbage, to decompose organic matter into inorganic nutrients. After composting treatment, garbage becomes hygienic, odourless humus. Not only way to solve the garbage, but lso to achieve the purpose of the resource; but the large amount of solid waste composting, nutrient content is low, long-term use could easily lead to soil compaction and deterioration of groundwater quality, so the scale is not easy to compost too. 4. Treatment resources: Careful classification of urban living garbage, Then according to the different nature of classified garbage after respectively adopt appropriate methods to deal with, make all the different types of waste can be utilized, thus to be truly achievereduction, harmless and resource of waste. Waste power generation From the 1970s onwards, some developed countries have started to use the heat generated by burning garbage to generate electricity. Some country in Europe built a garbage power plant, a U. S. garbage power plant generating capacity up to 100 MW, processing 600 thousand tons of garbage per day. Now, garbage power plant in Germany is spendinga huge sum of money from abroad to buy rubbish every year. According to statistics, currently there are nearly a thousand types of waste disposal plant; all kinds of garbage utilization facility will be increased to 3000 or more in hree years. Scientists measure that the garbage in the secondary energy, such as organic fuelcontains high calorific value, the heat of burning 2 tons of wasteequivalent to about 1 tons of coal. Confrontingproblem The reason that why waste power generation is developing slowly Is mainly due to the combustionpower generation, which cannot be effectively solve for a long time. Japan has been promoting a super waste power generation technology, by using new gas furnace; rose the furnace temperature to 500 ‘C, increase the power generation fficiency from 10% in the pastto around 25%, reduced toxic emissions to less than 0. 5%, below the international standard; But, of course, the cost of waste power generation is still higher than the traditional thermal power. Some experts believe that withthe technology development inwaste collection, handling, transport, utilization and other aspects, waste power generation is likely to become one of the most economical power generation technologies. From the long-term benefits and the comprehensive index, it will be superior to the traditional electric power production. Conclusion In conclusion, waste is a common issue; this can lead to health problems and destruction of natural resources. If people do not attach importance to waste classification and recycling, not only for our present life will be affected, but also for our future generations. This is not Just a country, an organization, an individual’s responsibility, but the responsibility of all mankind. lf when each person throwing garbage can be a little more environmental awareness, we could effectively increase the waste comprehensive utilization, So that the whole society will be able to less affect by waste problems. How to cite Waste management, Papers Waste Management Free Essays Introduction: Rapid urbanisation and industrial diversification has led to generation of considerable amount of municipal, plastic, hazardous and biomedical waste. Improper disposal of wastes often leads to spread of diseases and contamination of water bodies and soil. The impact of these wastes cannot be ignored and managing them has become a major problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Waste Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now The objective and scope of this research project: In this project we have tried to gain an insight on the term waste management. The objective of the project was to seek an overview of waste management in large cities especially in supermarkets and predominantly the waste disposal system of large fast food outlets in Bangalore. The scope was (due to time constraint) limited to two major food chains. We have as an initial investigation tried to bring out the very nature of major sources of waste in our cities, the present waste disposal system in Bangalore and measures to effectively dispose off the waste generated in supermarkets. Municipal solid waste: On an average 40-50% of the total municipal waste is generated in the six municipal corporations of Karnataka and more than 70 percent of municipal waste is generated in the residential and market areas. The domestic waste generated by the households comprises mainly of organic, plastic and paper waste. Problems of municipal solid waste: The major problems of municipal solid waste are: †¢Collection and storage of waste. Mixing and segregation of waste. †¢Transportation of waste. †¢Indiscriminate burning of waste †¢Illegal disposal of waste. 1. Collection and storage of waste: waste collection and disposal lies at the core of municipal waste management. Waste management happens to be the major source of expenditure in municipal budgets. Failure to effectively manage waste generated in the cities leads to overflowing bins and foul odour in the city streets. It also poses as a potential threat to the hygiene and health of the public. 2. Mixing and segregation of waste: with no clear instruction and procedures to the contrary the household waste generated are very heterogeneous in nature due to no or very limited segregation of waste during disposal process. It also is witnessed in industrial wastes. Where lack of government regulation leads to uncontrolled disposal without proper segregation. 3. Transportation of waste: the rapid expansion of cities coupled with high population growth rates and limited control on procedures to dispose municipal wastes resulted in mismatch on guidelines and actual waste transport. The transporters of municipal wastes are normally private contractors who with the aim of profit maximisation tend to dispose waste in the nearest vacant plots just on the outskirts of the city. Though dumping zones have been identified around the city yet the transporters often resort to dumping on plots near main roads leading to the city. 4. Indiscriminate burning of wastes: often as discussed above the transporters do not dump the wastes on designated land fills earmarked by municiapal bodies but on the roads leading to the cities or vacant plots on the outskirts of the city they also resort to burning of wastes to reduce the heap for future dumping. As the waste dumped are unsorted and contain many hazardous substances eg plastics bottles and polythene bags. The gas generated are toxic in nature and a common sight are the rag pickers who roam around such dump sites to collect materials of some worth. They are effected by the smoke and the gas generated. 5. Illegal disposal of waste: in absence of strict guidelines and enforcement of proper disposal of wastes in major cities in India the transporters mainly the private contractors resort to dumping of wastes in vacant plots instead of disposing them to proper dumping sites. This results over a period of time a major ecological threat. E. g a recent study found that in Bangalore around 600 Tons of municipal wastes are illegally dumped on vacant plots on daily basis. How to cite Waste Management, Papers Waste Management Free Essays The Securities and Exchange Commission has filed suit against the founder and five other former top officers of Waste Management Inc. for massive fraud. The complaint charges the defendants with inflating profits to meet earnings targets. We will write a custom essay sample on Waste Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now The officers named in the complaint include the following: * The CEO, who set earnings targets, fostered a culture of fraudulent accounting, personally directed certain of the accounting changes to make the targeted earnings, and was the spokesperson who announced the company’s phony numbers. The CFO, who ordered the destruction of damaging evidence, misled the company’s audit committee and internal accountants, and withheld information from the outside auditors. * The corporate controller, who devised many â€Å"one-off† accounting manipulations to deliver the targeted earnings and carefully crafted the deceptive disclosures. * The general counsel, who blessed the company’s fraudulent disclosures. In brief, the complaint says the company’s revenues were not growing fast enough to meet its earnings targets, so the defendants instead resorted to improperly eliminating and deferring current period expenses. Specific tactics: * Avoiding depreciation expenses on their garbage trucks by both assigning unsupported and inflated salvage values and extending their useful lives. * Assigning arbitrary salvage values to other assets that previously had no salvage value. * Failing to record expenses for decreases in the value of landfills as they were filled with waste. * Refusing to record expenses necessary to write off the costs of unsuccessful and abandoned landfill development projects. Establishing inflated environmental reserves (liabilities) in connection with acquisitions so that the excess reserves could be used to avoid recording unrelated operating expenses. * Improperly capitalizing a variety of expenses, and failing to establish sufficient reserves (liabilities) to pay for income taxes and other expenses. The SEC says Andersen, the company’s auditor, identified the improper accounting practices, quantified much of the impact, and annually presented company management with a set of â€Å"Proposed Adjusting Journal Entries. Instead of making the adjustments, management signed off on a â€Å"Summary of Action Steps† that the SEC says included steps designed to write off the accumulated errors and to change the underlying accounting practices in future periods The company had augmented the depreciation time length for their property, plant, and equipment, artificially inflating the company’s after-tax profits by US$1. 7 billion. Waste Management paid US$457 million to settle a shareholder class-action suit. The SEC fined Waste Management’s independent auditor, Arthur Andersen, US$7 million for their role. How to cite Waste Management, Papers

Business Strategy and Sustainability Research †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Strategy and Sustainability Research Management. Answer: Introduction: Interface Carpets is an international leading carpet manufacturer. The company is also a leader in championing sustainable business practices. Sustainability refers to operations of a business that cause no harm to the world. The Companys journey to sustainability for Interface Carpet started in 1994. The key drivers to sustainability were customers and companys willingness not to cause harm to the environment. The customers of Interface Carpet started questioning about what the company was doing to the environment. The companys customers made the company to start sustainability practices in it products, process and operations. Secondly, the company had a mission and willingness to engage in business practices that are sustainable by ensuring they are environmental friendly. The interface carpet has integrated several natural capitalism factors to; people, process and culture. The company has changed it resources use to increase productivity. The raw materials used are slow to depletion, less pollutant and employs more individuals (Avlonas, Nassos, 2014). Secondly, the company has redesigned it processes to reduce wastage, reusing and remanufacturing. The company has adopted biomimicry in the organization industrial process. Lastly, the company has is focused to creating a culture that improves well being and social equity in the society. The company has incorporated sustainable practices in the companys mission and vision. I can compare Interface Carpets with Coles supermarket. The Coles business needs to include it sustainability objectives in it mission and philosophy to ensure the business operate effectively. According to Baumgartners view of an efficiency strategy, Fuji Xerox is on the lead to ensuring sustainability enhances the achievement of the corporate strategy (Martin, Verbeek, 2005). The company has a philosophy that stakeholders in the business have to work and act good to the citizens by ensuring right economy, social; considerations and the environment. The company has instituted a supply chain requirements and procedures that ensure the company achieves a competitive advantage through effectiveness. Fuji Xerox is a sustainable corporation according to the definition given above. The company has invested in a remanufacturing plan that aims to redesign the industrial process to ensure that there is waste reduction and a balance between environment and economics are maintained ( Neugebauer, 2016). The waste materials that would have been used for landfill were being re-used to increase productivity of the company. From the study of the case study, I learn that businesses should use it sustainability practices for attaining efficiency strategy Management that enable the company achieve corporate strategy. The companies should also balance the between economical activities and the environmental impact to ensure business exist in sustainable business (Aras Crowther, 2012). This will enable our organization attain an advantage edge by reusing, remanufacturing and recycling material and creating a positive publicity of the business that will increase companys customers. References Aras, G., Crowther, D. (2012). Business strategy and sustainability. Bingley, U.K: Emerald. Avlonas, N., Nassos, G. P. (2014). Practical sustainability strategies Management: How to gain a competitive advantage. Martin, P. V., Verbeek, M. (2005). Sustainability strategies. Annandale, N.S.W: Federation Press. Neugebauer, F., Kassel University Press GmbH. (2016). The formation of sustainability strategies: An Action Research inquiry into sustainability strategy making in a corporate innovation project.